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A New Model of Aging by Decreased Protein Metabolism
Aging causes a variety of metabolic changes. A physical condition of so-called “decreased metabolism” increases the risk of aging, lifestyle-related diseases, and aging-related disorders. We have developed a mouse model that demonstrates aging due to decreased protein metabolism.
Research
Proteasomes, which are responsible for the degradation of intracellular proteins, are expressed in cells across species and are important for the maintenance of biological functions. Proteasome activity is decreased in older individuals, and the aging-related loss of proteasome function is involved in the development of aging and aging-related diseases. With this study, we created a mouse model in which proteasome activity is decreased and aging occurs. When this model is exposed to a high-fat diet, fatty liver is exacerbated, and when exposed to tobacco smoke, pulmonary diseases occur. By applying this model, we can elucidate the protein abnormalities and target molecules that cause various human diseases.
Utano Tomaru Associate Professor -
MALDI Matrix for Sensitive and High-Resolution Structural Analysis of Unmodified Sialylated Glycans and Glycoconjugates
We have developed a matrix that can ionize sialylated glycans and glycoconjugates without modifying the carboxylic acid moiety of the sialic acids, and can analyze them with high sensitivity and resolution (reflector mode) without desorption of the sialic acid residue.
Research
Sialylation (addition of sialic acid) of glycans and glycoconjugates is an important biomarker involved in various biological phenomena such as development, differentiation, disease, infection, and immunity. MALDI (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization) is a simple and sensitive soft ionization method. However, the ionization efficiency of unmodified sialic acid-containing glycans is low, and there is a problem that the spectrum becomes complicated due to cleavage of sialic acids or other reasons. With this technique, we succeeded in measuring sialylated glycans and glycoconjugates with high sensitivity and high resolution without undergoing any modification process by improving the addition system to the conventional matrix while suppressing sialic acid desorption. With the change in the cleavage pattern and the increased sensitivity, TOF/TOF analysis and pseudo-MS3 analysis can now be performed using ultra-trace samples. This method does not require chemical modification and separation steps, and enables reaction tracking and rapid sample analysis.
Hiroshi Hinou Professor ProfessorPh.D.
